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Connecting it all up

Why are there so many sorts of connecting cables? Find out with this quick guide.

Why are there so many sorts of connecting cables?  Find out wit
published on UK Free TV

Why are there so many sorts of connecting cables? Find out with this quick guide.

The connectors on each cable are called plugs (and are also called male) and they will usually fit only into one sort of socket (or female connector).

Most cables you will come across are male to male. Occasionally you will find leads with a socket on one end and a plug on the other, and these are called "extension cables".

SCART



The SCART cable is used to connect a set-top box to a television set, or to a video recorder. This can only be a short cable. The SCART cable carries all of these types of signal:

  • analogue stereo sound
  • a single RGB television picture
  • a single composite video picture
  • a single S-Video video picture
  • widescreen picture signal


As stereo sound, RGB picture and widescreen signal is the best possible combination for digital television viewing, it is vital to use a SCART lead between any set-top box and the main television.

The composite video picture with stereo sound is the best combination for a VHS video recorder. If your set-top box has two SCART sockets, it is likely that the one marked TV will carry RGB picture information and the other will not.

If your television has more than one SCART input, you may need to choose a special one (marked RGB) if you want to use RGB from the SCART cable.

On most set-top boxes it is possible to turn the RGB output on and off. This can be used to test the RGB input function on the television ? the picture quality appears blurred when it is disabled.

If have a DVD player, rather than a VHS recorder, you can attach this to the set-top boxes second SCART connector. The signal from the set-top box will normally be overridden by the DVD player when it is on, usually in high-quality RGB.

Some very cheap SCART cables do not have all the pins connected. They may not provide RGB and widescreen picture signals. SCART cables are normally no more than three metres in length.

UHF lead



The UHF lead is a lead that you would traditionally associate with television signals. They can carry:

  • up to 45 (but normally only five) analogue television channels
  • a single picture from a set-top box
  • around 50 analogue cable TV channels
  • mono sound
  • NICAM stereo sound
  • Teletext services (for example, Ceefax)


You can't avoid these cables if you are going to use Freeview, as these cables are the only ones that you can use to distribute Freeview signals around the house.

Where you have an integrated digital television (an idTV) you just need to get the signal from the aerial to the television with one of these cables.

If you are using a Freeview set-top box, you will need to get the signal from the aerial to the set-top box using this aerial lead, but for best results connect the TV to the box with a SCART cable.

You can also use a UHF lead to connect a set-top box to a television somewhere in the house. Your set-top box will require a RF (radio frequency) modulator. Note that "RF passthough" is another way of saying there is no modulator. You will be able to "tune" the second television into the picture showing on the set-top box.

Some boxes (all Sky boxes) have the ability to connect a remote control receiver to the second TV end of the interconnecting cable, so you can change channels.

The set-top boxes, whilst providing a reasonable quality picture to the second TV, will always provide only mono sound via a UHF lead.

The step-change in picture quality obtained by switching to RGB on a SCART is far greater than any obtained though spending any more on a gold-plated SCART cable.

Satellite or cable TV cable



These cables are usually very stiff, and have a very basic screw connector on the end. Usually they will provide an unbroken link to the satellite dish. At the dish end they plug into the device on the end of the arm, the LNB.

Don't try to disconnect these cables when the set-top box is on. Usually there is a small voltage that will cause dangerous sparks.

If the cable connects to a satellite dish, there is not much you can do with the cable. Each receiver in the set-top box needs it's own wire to the LNB. With a personal video recorder (such as Sky+), or a multi-room installations there are two cables to the four-output LNB on the dish. If you want more rooms, each will require it's own cable.

If the cable is providing cable TV, then it is possible to use inexpensive "Y connectors" to link the incoming signal to various set-top boxes, cable modems, or - via an adaptor - directly to the back of a TV.

Composite video cable



This is the most simple and basic video connection you can get. It carries:

  • a single picture from a set-top box


The picture will be in colour, and of comparable quality to a analogue broadcast station. However, there is no sound. For that reason this cable is often found joined to a stereo audio cable.

These signals are quite robust and can be carried for many metres. Often modern television sets have a single yellow photo input on their front input panel.

You also use an identical cable to carry digital stereo (SPDIF) sound.

Stereo audio cable





These cables carry the left and right channels of sound on two joined cables. They are usually required when a SCART cable is not being used, as the SCART cable already carries stereo sound.

If you are connecting your set-top box to an external stereo system, a separate stereo audio is used.

There is no real practicable limit to the length of these cables, but excessive length will degrade the quality of the signal.

S-video cable



The S-video standard is not well supported by most UK digital TV boxes, and very few have a S-video socket. If you need one for a particular analogue camcorder, use it, but avoid S-video with digital television. If you are using what appears to be a monochrome picture from a SCART lead, it will certainly by an incomplete S-Video signal and you should change to the RGB input.

VGA cable



This is the cable you will use to connect a computer to a old style monitor, and some modern LCD screen too. Most modern LCD TVs will have a VGA input too.

If you want to connect a set-top box to a LCD monitor, you can buy a conversion box from around 60. However this will not result in a better picture than using an existing SCART socket if there is one.

The only way to get higher than normal television resolution is to use a VGA in conjunction with a personal computer or modern games console.

DVI cable



If you want to get the very best out of a television or monitor use a digital video interconnect (DVI) cable.

This will be the only way for most televisions and monitors to receive high-definition pictures from a computer, and some set-top boxes.

If you can use either a VGA cable or a DVI cable, choose the DVI option.

HDMI cable



If you want to get the very best out of a television use a HDMI cable.

This will be the only way for most televisions to receive high-definition pictures from set-top boxes.

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Comments
Monday, 30 May 2011
Briantist
sentiment_very_satisfiedOwner

1:06 PM

Martin Gibbins: An HDMI switch might be your best option, you can get these from most shops and large supermarkets, ie HDMI Switcher 3-Way - Tesco - Tesco.Direct .

link to this comment
Briantist's 38,915 posts GB flag
L
Liz
1:11 PM

Hi,

I have a digital HD ready tv with freeview built in an analogue dvd /video recorder and an hd digibox. There are loads of connections possible and I have ample scart leads, an hdmi cable and 'aerial' cables. Please can you tell me what connects where for the best and so I can record one digital prog (via digibox) and watch antother on the tv aerial input
Thanks

Liz

link to this comment
Liz's 1 post GB flag
Tuesday, 31 May 2011
M
mike
9:37 AM

I'm afraid you will not be able to record any digital channels easily on your analogue Video recorder. You could possible connect it to the the SCART output of you Digibox (if it has one). Now is the time to consider buying a digital recording box or PVR. This will record one or two channels at a time whilst you are watching another on TV.

link to this comment
mike's 1 post GB flag
K
KMJ,Derby
sentiment_satisfiedGold

10:47 AM

Liz:If the HD digibox has an RF loop-through connect the aerial to RF/ANT IN on digibox, then a lead from ANT OUT to the aerial socket on the TV. If the digibox does not have aerial out facility you will have to use a splitter to connect the aerial to both the digibox and the TV. Connect a scart lead from digibox to VCR and another from VCR to TV. Also connect a HDMI cable from digibox to TV for viewing content in HD.

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KMJ,Derby's 1,811 posts GB flag
I
Ian MacRae
2:49 PM

I installed a Grundig Freeview HD box and it's connected to a HD ready TV; I get good audio & video on a SCART connection, but good video and only noise on audio with a HDMI cable connection. DVD player and laptop give good audio & video on HDMI cable on the TV; I've swapped HDMI cables, but no difference. I'm mystified as are Grundig techsupport and my local aerial engineer. Any ideas what could be the issue; do I need to use a separate audio connection?

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Ian MacRae's 4 posts GB flag
Thursday, 2 June 2011
Briantist
sentiment_very_satisfiedOwner

8:41 AM

Ian MacRae: From your description, it sounds like a fault with the Grundig Freeview HD box.

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Briantist's 38,915 posts GB flag
I
Ian MacRae
11:58 AM
Lanark

Thanks, Briantist ... your comment is eminently reasonable ... but, it's the 3rd GUD300 box I've installed from 2 different suppliers! Is that too much bad luck to be true?

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Ian MacRae's 4 posts GB flag
Ian's: mapI's Freeview map terrainI's terrain plot wavesI's frequency data I's Freeview Detailed Coverage
Briantist
sentiment_very_satisfiedOwner

12:24 PM

Ian MacRae: Sometimes there is a problem when you opt for "Dolby Digital" sound and don't have a DD decoder in the target device (such as the TV). Ensure that the Freeview HD box is set to "stereo" and not "Dolby Digital".

I say this, but there is no 5.1 on Freeview HD at the moment...

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Briantist's 38,915 posts GB flag
I
Ian MacRae
1:08 PM
Lanark

To update on Grundig GUD300HD issues; engineer has been on site and can't figure out a reason for the noise problem on HDMI; he can only suggest a 'conflict' between the box and the TV and that I should try another box (or HDTV). Unfortunately, I have to decide here & now to return the box to the supplier (within the 7 days).

link to this comment
Ian MacRae's 4 posts GB flag
Ian's: mapI's Freeview map terrainI's terrain plot wavesI's frequency data I's Freeview Detailed Coverage
I
Ian MacRae
1:35 PM
Lanark

Thanks again Briantist, audio settings of 'stereo' & 'auto' don't improve audio output - just regular 'popping' but no real sound signal when conencted by HDMI. Other devices when connected by HDMI give perfect audio & video; set-top box gives perfect video but just audio noise on HDTV. Output from box by SCART is normal.

link to this comment
Ian MacRae's 4 posts GB flag
Ian's: mapI's Freeview map terrainI's terrain plot wavesI's frequency data I's Freeview Detailed Coverage
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