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Connecting it all up

Why are there so many sorts of connecting cables? Find out with this quick guide.

Why are there so many sorts of connecting cables?  Find out wit
published on UK Free TV

Why are there so many sorts of connecting cables? Find out with this quick guide.

The connectors on each cable are called plugs (and are also called male) and they will usually fit only into one sort of socket (or female connector).

Most cables you will come across are male to male. Occasionally you will find leads with a socket on one end and a plug on the other, and these are called "extension cables".

SCART



The SCART cable is used to connect a set-top box to a television set, or to a video recorder. This can only be a short cable. The SCART cable carries all of these types of signal:

  • analogue stereo sound
  • a single RGB television picture
  • a single composite video picture
  • a single S-Video video picture
  • widescreen picture signal


As stereo sound, RGB picture and widescreen signal is the best possible combination for digital television viewing, it is vital to use a SCART lead between any set-top box and the main television.

The composite video picture with stereo sound is the best combination for a VHS video recorder. If your set-top box has two SCART sockets, it is likely that the one marked TV will carry RGB picture information and the other will not.

If your television has more than one SCART input, you may need to choose a special one (marked RGB) if you want to use RGB from the SCART cable.

On most set-top boxes it is possible to turn the RGB output on and off. This can be used to test the RGB input function on the television ? the picture quality appears blurred when it is disabled.

If have a DVD player, rather than a VHS recorder, you can attach this to the set-top boxes second SCART connector. The signal from the set-top box will normally be overridden by the DVD player when it is on, usually in high-quality RGB.

Some very cheap SCART cables do not have all the pins connected. They may not provide RGB and widescreen picture signals. SCART cables are normally no more than three metres in length.

UHF lead



The UHF lead is a lead that you would traditionally associate with television signals. They can carry:

  • up to 45 (but normally only five) analogue television channels
  • a single picture from a set-top box
  • around 50 analogue cable TV channels
  • mono sound
  • NICAM stereo sound
  • Teletext services (for example, Ceefax)


You can't avoid these cables if you are going to use Freeview, as these cables are the only ones that you can use to distribute Freeview signals around the house.

Where you have an integrated digital television (an idTV) you just need to get the signal from the aerial to the television with one of these cables.

If you are using a Freeview set-top box, you will need to get the signal from the aerial to the set-top box using this aerial lead, but for best results connect the TV to the box with a SCART cable.

You can also use a UHF lead to connect a set-top box to a television somewhere in the house. Your set-top box will require a RF (radio frequency) modulator. Note that "RF passthough" is another way of saying there is no modulator. You will be able to "tune" the second television into the picture showing on the set-top box.

Some boxes (all Sky boxes) have the ability to connect a remote control receiver to the second TV end of the interconnecting cable, so you can change channels.

The set-top boxes, whilst providing a reasonable quality picture to the second TV, will always provide only mono sound via a UHF lead.

The step-change in picture quality obtained by switching to RGB on a SCART is far greater than any obtained though spending any more on a gold-plated SCART cable.

Satellite or cable TV cable



These cables are usually very stiff, and have a very basic screw connector on the end. Usually they will provide an unbroken link to the satellite dish. At the dish end they plug into the device on the end of the arm, the LNB.

Don't try to disconnect these cables when the set-top box is on. Usually there is a small voltage that will cause dangerous sparks.

If the cable connects to a satellite dish, there is not much you can do with the cable. Each receiver in the set-top box needs it's own wire to the LNB. With a personal video recorder (such as Sky+), or a multi-room installations there are two cables to the four-output LNB on the dish. If you want more rooms, each will require it's own cable.

If the cable is providing cable TV, then it is possible to use inexpensive "Y connectors" to link the incoming signal to various set-top boxes, cable modems, or - via an adaptor - directly to the back of a TV.

Composite video cable



This is the most simple and basic video connection you can get. It carries:

  • a single picture from a set-top box


The picture will be in colour, and of comparable quality to a analogue broadcast station. However, there is no sound. For that reason this cable is often found joined to a stereo audio cable.

These signals are quite robust and can be carried for many metres. Often modern television sets have a single yellow photo input on their front input panel.

You also use an identical cable to carry digital stereo (SPDIF) sound.

Stereo audio cable





These cables carry the left and right channels of sound on two joined cables. They are usually required when a SCART cable is not being used, as the SCART cable already carries stereo sound.

If you are connecting your set-top box to an external stereo system, a separate stereo audio is used.

There is no real practicable limit to the length of these cables, but excessive length will degrade the quality of the signal.

S-video cable



The S-video standard is not well supported by most UK digital TV boxes, and very few have a S-video socket. If you need one for a particular analogue camcorder, use it, but avoid S-video with digital television. If you are using what appears to be a monochrome picture from a SCART lead, it will certainly by an incomplete S-Video signal and you should change to the RGB input.

VGA cable



This is the cable you will use to connect a computer to a old style monitor, and some modern LCD screen too. Most modern LCD TVs will have a VGA input too.

If you want to connect a set-top box to a LCD monitor, you can buy a conversion box from around 60. However this will not result in a better picture than using an existing SCART socket if there is one.

The only way to get higher than normal television resolution is to use a VGA in conjunction with a personal computer or modern games console.

DVI cable



If you want to get the very best out of a television or monitor use a digital video interconnect (DVI) cable.

This will be the only way for most televisions and monitors to receive high-definition pictures from a computer, and some set-top boxes.

If you can use either a VGA cable or a DVI cable, choose the DVI option.

HDMI cable



If you want to get the very best out of a television use a HDMI cable.

This will be the only way for most televisions to receive high-definition pictures from set-top boxes.

Help with Television sets?
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In this section
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Now and Next6

Comments
Tuesday, 26 April 2011
Wednesday, 27 April 2011
R
Robin Smithett
10:23 AM
Hereford

I have an analogue CRT TV fed from a Humax Freeview box with a rooftop aerial. Before switch over, the digital signal was okay (some breakup but not often). Now,since switch over (Ridge Hill on 20th April), the signal on all channels is 'grainy'. No breakup or freezing, but a much worse picture than before 20th April. I have changed nothing about the setup. Any thoughts, please?

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Robin Smithett's 1 post GB flag
Robin's: mapR's Freeview map terrainR's terrain plot wavesR's frequency data R's Freeview Detailed Coverage
M
Mike Dimmick
sentiment_very_satisfiedPlatinum

11:36 AM

Robin Smithett: You're very close to the transmitter. It's probable that you now have too much signal, which causes amplifiers and tuners to be over-driven. This causes intermodulation - signals bleeding out of their assigned channels and causing errors in, particularly, adjacent channels. If you have an amplifier or booster, remove it. If not, try adding an attenuator to bring the signal levels down.

If you have a PVR-9200T, aim for less than 60% on the signal strength meter. The calibration of this meter might be fine for a clean-room environment with only one digital multiplex, but poor for six muxes plus fringe pick-up of other transmitters.

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Mike Dimmick's 2,486 posts GB flag
Thursday, 28 April 2011
R
Ruth Spearing
10:57 PM

Hi can you tell me if I can connect my Sky HD box up to a samsung DVD Recorder SH893M so that I can record off sky? It is really frustrating me as I'm sure there is a way!

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Ruth Spearing's 1 post GB flag
Friday, 29 April 2011
Briantist
sentiment_very_satisfiedOwner

6:47 AM

Ruth Spearing: No, you can't easily do that, the whole point is that Sky+HD does the recording.

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Briantist's 38,915 posts GB flag
M
Martha
3:01 PM

just bought a sharp led tv with so many connections at the back making my head spin.it has 1 scart cable,4 hdmi,usb,rgb and so forth. i need to connect to my hd sky+ box with 2 scart and 1 hdmi and then to sony cinema system with only 1 hdmi and 1 scart.how to i get the best picture quality ,what connect to what/ pliz.dont be too technical pliz only a lady with no technical head at all!

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Martha's 1 post GB flag
G
greg
8:38 PM

hi. i have a humax hdr freesat box i won't i'm connecting to my tv via hdmi. im all so about to use a qed room link. and i won't to link my tv in my bedroom to the circuit. BUT. yes but i say te tv in my bedroom only has scart or vga connectors what would you say is my best route. thanks greg.

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greg's 1 post GB flag
Saturday, 30 April 2011
B
Ben
2:19 PM

I do have a a panasonic HD ready TV, and a panasonic DVD recorder with standard Freeview built in. At the moment the connections are the simple one . i.e. arial->DVD ->TV.

I like to get Freeview HD top box. Can I add this to the above chain? How shall I connect it (and which cable to use) so I at least can view HD channels ( if not recording them), and still abale to record normal programs without plugging and unplugging cables each time?
Maqny Thanks
Ben

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Ben's 1 post GB flag
Sunday, 1 May 2011
H
Heng
3:08 PM

I have a new tv with freeview build in. I subscript with sky tv before and now I cancel it and want to connect the ariel wire directly to my new tv. However, there are 2 wires with sky while on my manual, it says you only need to connect one cable to ANT. pot. I don't know what I should do now? Please help me.

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Heng's 1 post GB flag
Wednesday, 4 May 2011
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